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#!!/&nbsp; !/</a></div> <div style="font-family:Tahoma, Geneva, sans-serif;font-size:14px;"><p class='pcAuthor'><span class='pcName'>Oksana Goncharko</span><span class='pcAffil'>, National Research University Higher School of Economics; St Petersburg Mining University</span><span class='pcPosition'>, Associate Professor</span><span class='pcDegree'>, CSc in Philosophy</span></p> <p class='pcTitleD'>12<sup>th</sup> Century Platonic dialogue in Byzantium<a href="#supFtn" name="supRtn">*</a></p><p class='tcSumma'>This paper offers the presentation of the dialogue <I>Xenedemos, or Voices</i>, by Theodore Prodromos (c. 1100-1170), together with some comments on its English translation and some historical and logical analysis of its content.</p><br /> <p class='tcKeywords'>Platonic dialogue, Byzantine literature, Byzantine logic, Byzantine philosophy, Theodore Prodromos, the <I>Xenedemos</i>, Porphyry s <I>Isagoge</i></p><br /> <p class='tcGrant'><a href="#supRtn" name="supFtn">*</a>This paper is part of the research project ! 18-011-00207 funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research</p><br /> <p class='hcAbstract'>I attempt to represent the dialogue <I>Xenedemos, or Voices</i>, one of the most interesting examples of Byzantine dialogues, created in style and technique of platonic dialogue in 12<sup>th</sup> century Byzantium. This dialogue is dedicated to the analysis of the definitions of five voices from Porphyry s <I>Isagoge</i>. Prodromos seems to doubt not only Porphyry s definitions of Aristotle s predicables in this work, but also the very possibility of any definition either, and the very capacity to formulate such definitions. It is a curious fact that unlike the logical works of Aristotle, Plato s dialogues were not even a regular part of the standard Byzantine educational system. The <I>Xenedemos</i>, written in the prose dialogue form, demonstrates that its author is very well versed in Plato, and aware of Platonic language and style to use them in his own original work.&nbsp;</p> <p class='hcAbstract'>The way to discuss the definitions of Porphyry, used by Theodoros Prodromos, is to make a presentation of logical puzzles or paradoxes just to invite the reader to produce the outlines of their possible solutions. Theodoros Prodromos tries to implement predicabilia notions (genus, species, differentia, property and accident) to define themselves. Prodromos uses predicabilia as the autological words and terms, and attempts to apply the definition rules to define the predicabilia components of definition procedure. That s why the collocutors of the dialogue (Xenedemos and Theokles) drive to the controversial conclusions each time they try to apply the definition theory itself to define its primitive notions. The questions asked by protagonists of the dialogue may be reconstructed as follows: whether do exist the genera of genera; what are the species of species; does differentia differ from others kinds of differences; what is the property of property; and whether an accident is accidental itself or not? &nbsp;</p> <p class='hcAbstract'>Theodoros Prodromos is worth of insisting that he at the first time in the history of logic in Byzantium sets out the attempt to apply predicabilia notions to define themselves (i.e. as self-descriptive words). Just by formulating questions in <I>Xenedemos, or Voices</i> he expresses the self-referential character of the definition problem (whether we can define the definition itself?) and applies almost all predicabilia notions within their own definitions. It should be noted that Theodoros Prodromos might have formulated the Russell s paradox using the five  voices of Porphyry. So this dialogue can be regarded as the text on the foundations of the logical theory of definition and on the foundations of logic in general. The further investigations of this good-humored scholarly text will allow for a better understanding of the development of logical studies in the 12<sup>th</sup> century, and also give further insight into the nature of the tendencies within the Byzantine intellectual circles of that period.</p> </div> </td> <td style="background:url(tabs/tii_69.png) repeat-y"></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img src="tabs/tii_72.png" alt="" /></td> <td style="background:url(tabs/tii_74.png) repeat-x"></td> <td><img src="tabs/tii_79.png" alt="" /></td> </tr> </table> <p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style='text-align:right'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Tahoma&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;'>© ;0B>=>2A:>5 >1I5AB2>, 2018 3. </span></p> <p align="right" style='margin-top:0mm;margin-right:3pt;margin-bottom: 0mm;margin-left:-36.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:right'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Tahoma&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;'><a href="../index3.htm">  !!# $ &</a></span></b></p> <!-- InstanceEndEditable --> </td> </tr> </tbody> </body> <!-- InstanceEnd --></html>