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The Universe of Platonic Thought
Универсум платоновской мысли

27th International Conferecne  ·  XXVII Международная конференция
28 June 2019   St Petersburg, Russia  ·  28 июня 2019   Санкт-Петербург, Россия

Rustam Galanin, Russian Christian Academy for the Humanities, St Petersburg, research fellow, CSc in Philosophy

Two Education Types: The Socratic and the Sophistic Ones*

In Ancient Greece, there were two types of what we now call higher education. The first one—rhetorical—originates from the sophists, or even earlier, as I will try to show: to be more precise, as early as from Homer and Hesiod. Its core is rhetorical education. In the wide meaning of the word, rhetorical paid education promises to teach man to be virtuous, have beautiful and convincing speech, to provide them with the knowledge of physical sciences and history, and make them suitable for public and political affairs. This tradition reaches its climax in the educational activities of Protagoras and Isocrates. The second type of education is humane philosophy coined by Socrates. It is based on the man’s desire to know the Good per se. The mosaic nature of this education type derives from Eros striving for a beautiful body, then from the loving movement from the body to the beautiful soul, and finally, from the ascension from the soul to the Good as such. This is the movement of a special philosophical Eros with whom Socrates is totally obsessed. This tradition reaches its perfection in Plato’s Academy. My report is devoted to the analysis of both educational systems, as well as some of their ‘juicy’ nuances.


rhetoric, philosophy, paideia, ethics, Greek love


*Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ по проекту № 18-011-00968 «Сократ: pro et contra. Миф о Сократе в отечественной и мировой культуре»


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